The programme was announced at the 29th ICSU General Assembly in Maputo, Mozambique. Each year hundreds of thousands of people are killed and millions injured, displaced or have their livelihoods destroyed by natural disasters.

There has been a dramatic increase in the frequency of disasters-when communities are overwhelmed and need outside assistance-from around 30 per year in the 1950s to more than 470 per year since the beginning of this century.

'Integrated Research on Disaster Risk (IRDR) will provide an enhanced capacity around the world to address hazards and make better decisions to reduce their impacts', said Gordon McBean, Canadian climatologist and Chair of the ICSU Planning Group for Hazards.

'In 10 years, as a result of this programme, we would like to see a reduction in loss of life, fewer people adversely impacted, and wiser investments and choices made by governments, the private sector and civil society'. Invariably, it is the poorest countries that are least well equipped to cope with disasters and which suffer the most.

'Disaster events in a region like Africa can have an enormous impact on economic activities and livelihoods. Mozambique is especially vulnerable to disasters, particularly those triggered by weather and climate. IRDR will provide knowledge that will support better decision making processes within the country, paving the way for improved disaster risk management,' said Filipe Domingos Freires Lucio, a member of the ICSU Planning Group and a former Director-General of the National Institute of Meteorology of Mozambique, now at the World Meteorological Organization.

'With the predicted impacts of climate change, countries like Mozambique have no alternative but to integrate disaster risk reduction in development planning and climate change adaptation.'

The new programme, which builds on existing research activities, will address the impacts of disasters on all scales, from local to global. It will combine experience and expertise from around the world, and provide an unprecedented opportunity for the natural and social sciences to work together as never before.

McBean said, 'A truly global, interdisciplinary approach is essential if we are to provide the knowledge that can avoid unnecessary losses and save thousands, or even millions of lives'. IRDR will focus on all hazards related to geophysical, oceanographic, climate and weather trigger events-and even space weather and impact by near-Earth objects. The programme will also take account of the effects of human activities in creating hazards-or making them worse.

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