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Obama enlists unlikely ally to safeguard climate deal
By Andrew BEATTY
Manila (AFP) Nov 19, 2015


Inconvenient truth: China implacable ahead of Paris climate talks
Beijing (AFP) Nov 19, 2015 - China will not improve on its pledges to control emissions, the country's top climate negotiator said on Thursday ahead of key UN climate change talks in Paris.

The world's largest polluter also chastised developed countries, with Xie Zhenhua -- a vice minister at China's top economic planner, the National Development and Reform Commission -- saying they have not done enough to combat rising temperatures.

According to the UN framework convention on climate change and the Kyoto Protocol, developed countries should cut emissions by significant amounts from 1990 levels by 2020.

"But developed countries' carbon emissions reduction strength has not yet reached [the required] level," Xie said at a press briefing in Beijing ahead of the Paris conference, implying they were not on course to live up to their promises.

His comments come before the UN Conference of Parties (COP21) summit, due in Paris from November 30 to December 11, where world leaders aim to forge an international deal to curb carbon emissions and stave off the worst effects of global warming.

China pledged last year to peak carbon output by "around 2030" -- suggesting at least another decade of growing emissions.

"At this point, our goal will not change," Xie said.

Campaigners portrayed Beijing as a villain of a failed previous summit in Copenhagen, which ended in bitter disappointment after Chinese officials resisted carbon reduction targets.

Beijing advocates what it calls "common but differentiated responsibilities", meaning developed countries should bear the brunt of climate regulations for their decades of uninhibited growth, fuelled mostly by coal.

"This is the key problem to be resolved for the success of the meeting and the reaching of an agreement," Xie said. "This is also a key issue and foundation for the building of political trust."

China's transformative economic boom has mainly been fuelled by coal, which provides most of its energy, and it plans to move 250 million more people from the countryside to cities in the next 10 years -- creating more buildings and car users.

The Asian giant is estimated to have released nine to ten billion tonnes of carbon dioxide in 2013, nearly twice as much as the US and around two and a half times the European Union.

Fearing a nascent global climate accord could be strangled at birth by sceptical US Republicans, President Barack Obama is wooing an unlikely ally -- big business.

Obama has spent the months ahead of crunch talks in Paris starting on November 30, setting out the moral, political and economic case for tackling climate change.

On Wednesday in Manila, Obama renewed that push, urging a forum of influential Asia-Pacific CEOs to get behind the accord, which aims to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions that are blamed for global warming.

"An ambitious agreement in Paris will prompt investors to invest in clean energy technologies because they will understand that the world is committed to a low-carbon future," Obama said.

"That's a signal to the private sector to go all-in on renewable energy technologies."

It is just the latest White House effort to woo companies and get big name CEOs to lend their political support to the deal.

At the White House in October, Obama hosted CEOs from Intel, Johnson & Johnson and some of the 81 companies that have signed up to a climate pledge.

But the White House drive is about more than moral support, it's about creating political facts on the ground.

The White House is betting that having corporate support will make new rules more difficult to overturn and position climate-denying Republicans in an uncomfortable position in opposition to their traditional allies.

"If you look at the history of environmental regulation, rules that are put in place that go with the grain of where the industry is headed very rarely get scrapped or completely overturned," said a senior administration official.

"When they become embedded in the structure of the sector in which they operate you actually create long-term incentives that the private sector responds to, and they become part of the structure of our economy."

- History repeating? -

Administration officials point to the experience of fuel economy standards.

That "offered companies long-term certainty -- instead of states setting" a multitude of disparate rules.

In the White House and among US allies there is a perennial concern that US commitment to a deal could be gutted after the 2016 election.

Two decades ago Bill Clinton, a second term democratic president agreed the Kyoto Protocol in the twilight of his administration.

Within months, Republican victor George W. Bush had shredded the agreement and along with it US credibility on climate change.

Obama could find himself in much the same position as Clinton did before Kyoto was agreed.

On Tuesday the Republican-run US Senate rejected key rules wanted by Obama's administration to limit greenhouse gas emissions by power plants.

But business may lend a hand.

During seven years in the White House, Obama has had a vexed relationship with the titans of commerce.

Big banks railed against his Wall Street reforms in the wake of the 2008 financial crisis and the US Chamber of Commerce has painted him as a big government leftist.

But on climate, there are signs that interests may converge.

According to a recent UN-Accenture study, 70 percent of executives at companies with revenues of over $1 billion a year see climate change as an opportunity for growth and innovation.

If firms buy in to long-term climate targets and manoeuvring their business as a result, Republicans risk being seen as threatening much-vaunted "business certainty."


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