Locke was in Shanghai leading the first cabinet-level US trade mission since US President Barack Obama announced an ambitious target in March to double US shipments within five years to promote job growth.

"We don't export enough as a country compared to many developed countries," he told a news conference.

"Part of the strategy of reducing the trade deficit is of course to increase exports from the United States to all over the world, including China," Locke said.

Washington's trade deficit with China stood at 226.8 billion dollars last year -- down more than 40 billion dollars from 2008 due to the global financial crisis, but still its largest with any country.

Washington and Beijing agree China's economy, the world's third-largest, needs to rely more on domestic consumption and less on overseas exports, Locke said.

"The Chinese need to spend more and not save as much. It's all part of the rebalancing of the world economic order and increasing US exports is part of that, but not the only way," he added.

But he also cautioned against the extremes that triggered the financial crisis, noting: "We're not saying 'Go into debt', but just spend a little bit more."

Each country presents different export opportunities for the US, said Locke, who was in China -- the world's largest greenhouse gas emitter -- with representatives from 24 US clean energy companies.

After Shanghai, Locke travels to Beijing, where he will join US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, US Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner and other cabinet officials for key talks with their Chinese counterparts next week.

The wide-ranging discussions will address trade and economic concerns, as well as negotiations with Iran and North Korea on their nuclear programmes, Locke said.

He added Geithner would head up discussions for the US on the revaluation of China's yuan currency, which critics in the US and Europe argue is kept artificially low, giving Chinese exporters an unfair advantage.

Locke said the Sino-US talks come at an important time as global markets are reeling due to deepening worries over European debt.

"It means (there's) a greater urgency that the two countries talk about economic policy and we talk about ways in which we can move forward on rebalancing our economies," he said.

earlier related report
China, Canada among top five on US piracy watch list
Washington (AFP) May 19, 2010 - US legislators condemned Canada, China, Mexico, Russia and Spain on Wednesday for failing to crack down on piracy of movies, music, videogames and other copyrighted works.

Theft of intellectual property in the five nations was at "alarming levels," the Congressional International Anti-Piracy Caucus said, placing them at the top of the "2010 International Piracy Watch List" for the second year in a row.

The caucus, made up of 70 members of the US House of Representatives and Senate, said it was "greatly disappointed by their failure to make meaningful progress during the last year" in protecting copyrighted works.

"We are losing billions and billions of dollars because of the lack of intellectual property protections," said Senator Orrin Hatch, a Republican from Utah. "These five countries have been robbing Americans."

"Unfortunately, the United States is on the wrong end of the greatest theft of intellectual property in the history of humankind," said Senator Sheldon Whitehouse, a Democrat from Rhode Island. "This must be stopped, and soon."

The bipartisan caucus, citing industry estimates, said global piracy costs US firms over 25 billion dollars in lost sales annually.

The US legislators also released for the first time what they called a "list of notorious offenders" -- websites making available unauthorized copies of the works of US creators.

The websites singled out were China's Baidu, Canada's isoHunt, Ukraine's MP3fiesta, Sweden's Pirate Bay, Germany's Rapidshare and Luxembourg's RMX4U.

The caucus called on US trading partners to "take action against websites based within their borders whose business models are premised on delivering infringing content."

Mitch Bainwol, chairman and chief executive of the Recording Industry Association of America, which represents major record companies, said the "websites facilitate massive theft" and "undermine legitimate commerce."

"The question for us globally is 'Can we create a world in which the Internet becomes a place of order rather than a place of chaos?" he asked.

Representative Adam Schiff, a Democrat from California, said pressure needs to be brought to bear on US banks and credit card companies whose services are being used to pay for pirated material on "rogue websites."

"We not only have to put pressure on these countries that are tolerating piracy or encouraging piracy but we also have to put some pressure on companies here at home that are helping facilitate piracy," Schiff said. "We need to dry up that revenue stream as part of the attack on those sites."

"This includes companies like Visa and Mastercard that facilitate financial transactions on these sites," he said.

The caucus said Canada is a "leading host" of illegal file-sharing sites and its "enforcement record continues to fall short of what should be expected of our neighbor and largest trading partner."

"At one point in 2009, five of the world's top 10 illegitimate 'bittorrent' sites were registered, located, or operated out of Canada," it said.

In China, "copyright theft is viewed in some sectors of the economy as a legitimate strategy for Chinese competitiveness," the caucus said. "This must end."

Mexico is a leading source for illegal camcorder copies of US films, the caucus said, and "piracy of hard goods and unauthorized use of software also remain severe problems."

The caucus said Russia has made "inadequate progress in addressing Internet piracy" and needs to adopt "updated and uniform procedures for investigation and prosecution of copyright infringement."

As for Spain, the caucus said it hopes the Spanish government will move quickly to tackle peer-to-peer piracy. "Greater accountability and deterrence must be established in Spanish law," it said.

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