Sarsat Caps Busy Week With Life-Saving Rescue Operations

TERRADAILY

Cospas-Sarsat system overview

Washington - Nov 25, 2003
On land and in the sea satellites helped save lives the past week. In one incident, two passengers onboard a sailing vessel from Harpswell, Maine, headed for the Caribbean Island of Antigua, made it only as far as Nantucket, Mass., because of rough sea conditions spawned by violent weather. (Click NOAA image for larger view of Cospas-Sarsat system overview.)

Their boat, the Moonlight Contessa, capsized last Friday in the open waters of the Atlantic, but a small fleet of U.S. Coast Guard aircraft and rescue personnel pulled the victims to safety.

The incident was part of a busy Nov. 14 for the Search and Rescue Satellite Aided Tracking System, better known as SARSAT. On the same day, a Cleveland man, camping in the remote Adirondack Mountains of Upstate New York, used a personal locator beacon (PLB) to trigger a rescue by the U.S. Air Force Rescue Coordination Center (AFRCC) after experiencing several days worth of heavy snows that had trapped him in his campsite. The AFRCC dispatched the U.S. Army's Fort Drum Air Ambulance Detachment to the scene of the distress. It was the first such rescue in the contiguous United States using a PLB, since the program went operational in July.

"The SARSAT system is doing exactly what it should -- saving the lives of people in distress," said Gregory W. Withee, assistant administrator for the NOAA Satellites and Information Service. SARSAT is a team effort between NOAA, which oversees the system's operations, and the Air Force and Coast Guard, which provide the rescue coordination and response.

The SARSAT system uses NOAA's polar-orbiting and geostationary-orbiting satellites to detect and locate registered owners of PLBs, Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRBs), or Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELTs), who are in distress. Hikers and campers use PLBs, which are designed for land use, EPIRBS are used on board boats and ships, while ELTs are carried aboard aircraft.

Once the satellites pick up a distress signal, it is relayed to U.S. Mission Control Center at the NOAA Satellites and Information facility in Suitland, Md. After pinpointing the location of the distress, the signal is routed to a Rescue Coordination Center operated by the Coast Guard or the Air Force. In the United States, the Coast Guard has responsibility for all maritime distresses, and the Air Force handles all inland search and rescue cases.

In the Moonlight Contessa rescue, the Coast Guard's District One RCC in Boston dispatched a C-130 plane and two helicopters to the trouble spot in the area southeast of Nantucket. In the heavy seas, the sailboat had rolled over, was dismasted and suffered subsequent electrical and engine failures.

"These two passengers were clearly in a life or death situation," said Lieutenant Commander Jay Dell, with the Coast Guard's Office of Search and Rescue headquarters in Washington, D.C. "Their boat was being torn apart by the seas, but their EPIRB was able to transmit the distress signal to NOAA. Once NOAA passed the alert onto our District One RCC, they quickly dispatched the rescue personnel and helicopters and made the saves."

Lieutenant Daniel Karlson, SARSAT operations support officer for NOAA, added, "SARSAT worked, and these two lives were saved because the boat had a beacon. Without it, we would have had a real tragedy."

NOAA is dedicated to enhancing economic security and national safety through the prediction and research of weather and climate-related events and providing environmental stewardship of the nation's coastal and marine resources. NOAA is part of the U.S. Department of Commerce.

TERRADAILY

Tiny Automated Sensors Could Help Map Disaster Areas

Ithaca - Nov 20, 2003
A train has derailed at the edge of a city, spreading toxic chemicals and fumes over a wide area. Before rescue and decontamination workers can enter the danger zone, they need more information: How widespread is the contamination? Where are the hotspots? Where and how are toxic gases moving?

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