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WATER WORLD
26 bodies found after Laos dam collapse, hundreds still missing
by Staff Writers
Attapeu, Laos (AFP) July 25, 2018

Dead cows, destroyed homes: Laos villages ravaged by dam collapse
Hoi Kong, Laos (AFP) July 26, 2018 - The bloated carcasses of pigs and cows float in the knee-high flood waters covering the Laos village of Hoi Kong, as mud-caked residents pick through the remnants of homes destroyed by a dam collapse that they had little time to flee.

Monday night's dam break inflicted an unprecedented catastrophe on Laos, a poor country with little capacity to manage remote, large-scale rescue operations.

Twenty-seven people are confirmed dead, with 131 still missing, after the Xe-Namnoy dam broke, sending a wall of water rushing across a large swathe of southern Laos.

Details of the damage have trickled out slowly in a country whose Communist authorities tightly control information and do not welcome media attention.

But with the waters receding, the scale of the disaster is revealing itself.

Residents in Hoi Kong returned to their flooded homes on Thursday, wading past vehicles pushed onto their sides by rushing water, with thick red mud caking everything they once owned.

"The people are in very bad condition," a Vietnamese military doctor helping with the relief effort told AFP, requesting anonymity.

"Really I don't know how they will overcome this devastation. They have lost everything."

In crowded shelters across Attapeu province, survivors have recounted the terrifying moment water cascaded through their villages, saying they were given little warning of the impending disaster.

It was Monday evening and many of those forewarned had only been given a few hours to evacuate.

Others were told nothing, scrambling in the darkness to rooftops, trees, or escaping via boats to dry land. Many fled into the mountains seeking higher ground.

- Little warning -

"No one warned us," said Poosa Duangapai from a makeshift shelter in a kindergarten where the displaced lay on mats.

"Only those who saw the water coming shouted to us. I have only one sarong, one blouse and another piece of cloth with me."

A Vietnamese man living in the area said a loudspeaker warned his Ban Mai village that water would be discharged from the dam, just two hours before it totally collapsed.

"From 9:00 pm to 2:00 am, the water rose very quickly. We ran to a house behind ours, the water came to the second floor, the third floor... then we were all on the roof," Tran Van Bien, 47, told AFP.

"I saw some people floating, but I couldn't do anything. Some of them survived, but some must have died."

Monday's disaster has raised serious questions about the wisdom of poor but resource-rich Laos' aim to become the "battery of Asia" with dozens of dams built or planned across the country's vast river network.

Hundreds of villages have been relocated, many repeatedly, to make way for hydropower projects whose electricity is sold to neighbouring countries.

But Laotians cannot protest, and environmental groups are barred from the construction sites -- almost all of which are contracted out to foreign companies from China, Vietnam, Thailand and South Korea.

Some are now questioning whether poor design may be to blame for the accident in an area routinely drenched with monsoon rains.

The dam was an 'earth-filled' structure, made with a mixture of materials that are often less expensive than stronger concrete blocks, said Lihai Zhang, from University of Melbourne's Department of Infrastructure Engineering.

"Maybe human underestimation, plus extreme circumstances -- which means heavy rain continuously for several days -- putting these two things together may result in the collapse," he told AFP.

One of the Korean companies who ran the dam said it was too early to say what caused the accident, noting that rainfall last week was higher than normal.

Rescuers recovered 26 bodies and hundreds remain missing after a dam collapse swamped several villages in southern Laos, as survivors Wednesday questioned why they got little warning of the deluge.

Two South Korean contractors said they reported damage at least a day before parts of the Xe-Namnoy dam gave way Monday and unleashed a wall of water.

A Thai consular official, Chana Miencharoen, at the scene of the relief effort in Attapeu province told AFP that by Wednesday late afternoon 26 bodies had been recovered.

"Seventeen others are injured and in hospital," he said, adding roof-level floodwater was hampering rescue efforts in a remote area of the poor, landlocked Southeast Asian country.

In an update on Wednesday afternoon state-run Laos News Agency said hundreds of people remained unaccounted for, with at least 50 missing from the village of Ban Mai alone.

Footage on Laos television showed people huddled on roofs awaiting rescue as muddy water swirled menacingly just below them, with the army and local volunteers leading the relief effort.

Questions began to emerge over the collapse, with some of the displaced saying they were warned to evacuate homes only hours before disaster struck.

"It happened quickly, we had little time to prepare ourselves," Joo Hinla, 68, from one of the worst-hit villages of Ban Hin Lath, told AFP from a warehouse crammed with over 700 displaced people in a neighbouring province.

"All of the houses in my village are under water. Four of my family are missing, we don't know about their fate yet."

Hundreds of other displaced people, including women, children and the elderly, sat on the floor nearby surrounded by plastic bags crammed with meagre belongings.

- The damming of Laos -

Laos, poor but blessed with abundant natural resources, aims to become the "Battery of Asia" allowing dozens of foreign-funded dam projects across its network of rivers.

But fears over the environmental impact of the projects, which export most of their electricity to neighbouring Thailand and China, go virtually unvoiced inside the tightly controlled communist country.

Villagers across the country have been moved, some several times, to make way for dams whose benefits are mainly enjoyed outside of the country, campaigners say.

Once complete, around 90 percent of the electricity generated by the Xe-Namnoy dam was destined for Thailand.

The remote flooded area is only accessible by helicopter and flat-bottomed boats, with roads badly damaged or completely washed away.

Rescue officials in neighbouring Thailand were reportedly stuck at the border because Laotians were sluggish in allowing access to the country.

South Korea was sending a relief team to the area, President Moon Jae-in's spokesman said Wednesday in Seoul.

"Although we are still determining the cause of the dam accident, our government must actively take part in on-site relief efforts without delay as our companies were involved in the construction of the dam," Moon was quoted as saying.

- Questions over warning -

Two South Korean companies involved in the $1.2 billion project said damage was reported a day before the dam collapsed following heavy monsoon rain.

SK Engineering & Construction said it discovered that the upper part of the structure had washed away at around 9:00 pm on Sunday.

"We immediately alerted the authorities and began evacuating villagers downstream," it said in a statement.

Repair work was hampered by rain which had damaged roads, it said, and early on Monday water was discharged from the Xe-Namnoy dam -- one of the two main dams in the project -- to try to relieve pressure on the auxiliary structure.

The government was warned about further damage to the dam at around noon, prompting an official evacuation order for villagers downstream, and the structure collapsed a few hours later, it said.

Dam operator Korea Western Power Co. said one of the auxiliary dams -- "Saddle D" -- broke under heavy rain.

But according to a timeline the firm provided in a report to a South Korean lawmaker and obtained by AFP, it said "11 centimetres of subsidence was found at the centre of the dam " as early as Friday.

Emergency repair equipment could not be used as the subsidence worsened.

"It remains unclear what caused the dam to subside in some places and develop cracks," a Korea Western Power spokesman told AFP.

The 410 megawatt capacity plant was supposed to start commercial operations by 2019.

The project consists of a series of dams over the Houay Makchanh, the Xe-Namnoy and the Xe-Pian rivers.

burs-apj/amz


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