Earth Science News
FARM NEWS
Canadian Prairies farmers try to adapt to a warming world
Canadian Prairies farmers try to adapt to a warming world
By Mathiew LEISER
Davidson, Canada (AFP) June 13, 2023

Following repeated droughts, Canadian farmers are trying to adapt to a new era in agriculture marked by a warming world -- including by trapping snow in their fields, planting heat-resistant crops and seeding earlier in the season.

But it's unclear, they are the first to admit, if their slogging will bear fruit.

Squatting in the middle of a canola field in Alberta, on the western edge of Canada's vast Prairies region, Ian Chitwood surveys the shoots sprouting between long furrows of black soil.

His battle with the heat has been starting earlier every year.

By planting his crops earlier in the season, in May, Chitwood aims to "move up the flowering window," during which the plants are most vulnerable, in order to protect them from the heat in June.

But what his crops really need in the wake of a devastating drought in 2021, he acknowledges, is mild weather and humid soil.

That drought was a "once in 100 years event," says Curtis Rempel of the Canola Council of Canada.

That year, the west of the country sweltered under record high summer temperatures, with the mercury reaching 49.6 degrees Celsius (121.3 Fahrenheit).

"It sure had an impact on yields," reducing them by 50 percent, according to Rempel.

Such hits have had significant impacts on international markets, as Canada exports 90 percent of its canola harvest -- used mostly for cooking oil and biodiesel fuel.

- Water management -

Most canola crops are grown without requiring irrigation in the Prairies, the nation's agricultural heartland spanning nearly 1.8 million square kilometers (695,000 square miles). But the region is sensitive to droughts, whose frequency and severity have been steadily increasing.

In this region, explains Phillip Harder, a hydrology researcher at the University of Saskatchewan, in Saskatoon, "crop production relies on water that accumulates throughout the year." In other words, snow that accumulates over winter and soaks into the ground during the spring thaw.

But howling winds over fields that stretch as far as the eye can see have been blowing away much of that snow of late.

Some farmers have turned to a century-old solution of planting trees in and around their fields to trap the snow.

"In the wintertime when the snow blows it catches in the trees, and then it slowly soaks into the ground," explains Stuart Dougan, a 69-year-old farmer with a weather-beaten face.

In the spring and summer, the trees provide further shelter from the wind "so it's not taking the moisture from the crops," he adds.

Trees may pose new challenges, however, as modern agricultural equipment is much bulkier than in the 1930s when one could more easily plow around a tree trunk, points out Harder.

Alternatively, he recommends when harvesting crops to cut the plants higher on the stem, leaving longer "stubble" sticking out of the ground to "increase snow retention."

- Turning to science -

"We've always looked to keep as much stubble in place to catch the snow and reduce evaporation rates," says Saskatchewan farmer Rob Stone. He, like many Canadian farmers, stopped plowing his fields in the 1990s for this very purpose.

He's now experimenting with new genetically modified seeds that he says hold hope for the future of canola. Four small flags in the middle of his fields mark a test crop.

"As we find ones that are more tolerant (to heat), we will crossbreed them to make a new (plant) population," explains Greg Gingera, a genetics researcher.

Also in the works, adds Rempel, are several companies looking to develop "biologicals or bacteria or fungi that you add to the soil or spray on top of the plant to confer stress tolerance."

But it will be seven to eight years before a product is likely ready to be commercialized and widely available, he says.

In the meantime, farmers will have to make do.

Related Links
Farming Today - Suppliers and Technology

Subscribe Free To Our Daily Newsletters
Tweet

RELATED CONTENT
The following news reports may link to other Space Media Network websites.
FARM NEWS
Using photosynthesis for living on Mars while making space travel sustainable
Coventry UK (SPX) Jun 09, 2023
Researchers are working on sustainable technology to harvest solar power in space - which could supplement life support systems on the Moon and Mars. In a study published in Nature Communications, scientists assess a new technique which could convert renewable, green energy from outside the Earth's atmosphere. They are taking advantage of photosynthesis - the chemical process plants undergo every day to create energy - to help the space industry become more sustainable. The research led by t ... read more

FARM NEWS
Bill Gates in China to meet with development partners

Myanmar's blocking of aid access 'unfathomable': UN

'Failure not an option' for jungle commandos in Colombian children rescue

110M displaced by war, climate change, human rights abuses

FARM NEWS
Rio Tinto to spend $1.1 bn to expand Quebec low-carbon smelter

US judge pauses Microsoft's Activision buy

Ubisoft teases VR version of hit game 'Assassin's Creed'

Settling the guidelines to cover the entire life cycle of satellites

FARM NEWS
Zelensky: ICC investigating dam attack

We've pumped so much groundwater that we've nudged the Earth's spin

Drought hits Bishkek, where taps are running dry

UN to adopt high seas treaty Monday

FARM NEWS
Order in chaos: Atmosphere's Antarctic oscillation has natural cycle

US to open first Arctic diplomatic post in Norway

World's melting ice a hot topic for UN

An improved view of global sea ice

FARM NEWS
Canadian Prairies farmers try to adapt to a warming world

Using photosynthesis for living on Mars while making space travel sustainable

Seaweed farming may help tackle global food insecurity

Indonesia, Malaysia to fight against EU palm oil 'discrimination'

FARM NEWS
Six dead in Cuba flooding, hundreds of houses damaged

100,000 evacuated as cyclone threatens India and Pakistan

Magnitude 6.2 earthquake strikes Philippines

Cyclone Biparjoy leaves destructive trail on Indian coast

FARM NEWS
West Darfur governor assassinated as Sudan's war enters third month

Rwanda leaps forward in its journey to build a robust and vibrant space innovation ecosystem

AI, Africa and climate crisis star at Art Basel fair

African space tech? Don't rule it out, says Nigeria's startup king

FARM NEWS
UNESCO says US plans to rejoin body from July

AI chatbots offer comfort to the bereaved

Iraq's Christians fight to save threatened ancient language

Serotonin's impact across molecular and whole-brain levels in a simple animal

Subscribe Free To Our Daily Newsletters




The content herein, unless otherwise known to be public domain, are Copyright 1995-2024 - Space Media Network. All websites are published in Australia and are solely subject to Australian law and governed by Fair Use principals for news reporting and research purposes. AFP, UPI and IANS news wire stories are copyright Agence France-Presse, United Press International and Indo-Asia News Service. ESA news reports are copyright European Space Agency. All NASA sourced material is public domain. Additional copyrights may apply in whole or part to other bona fide parties. All articles labeled "by Staff Writers" include reports supplied to Space Media Network by industry news wires, PR agencies, corporate press officers and the like. Such articles are individually curated and edited by Space Media Network staff on the basis of the report's information value to our industry and professional readership. Advertising does not imply endorsement, agreement or approval of any opinions, statements or information provided by Space Media Network on any Web page published or hosted by Space Media Network. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) Statement Our advertisers use various cookies and the like to deliver the best ad banner available at one time. All network advertising suppliers have GDPR policies (Legitimate Interest) that conform with EU regulations for data collection. By using our websites you consent to cookie based advertising. If you do not agree with this then you must stop using the websites from May 25, 2018. Privacy Statement. Additional information can be found here at About Us.