Chinese authorities imposed lockdowns on 600,000 people in the area surrounding the world's largest iPhone factory on Wednesday, as workers complained of disorderly Covid controls at the facility.

All people except Covid-prevention volunteers and essential workers "must not leave their residences except to receive Covid tests and emergency medical treatment", officials from central China's Zhengzhou Airport Economy Zone said.

The move comes after images emerged on Chinese social media last week showing people breaking out of the facility, which is run by Taiwanese tech giant Foxconn and makes products for Apple.

Employees complained online of poor conditions, a lack of supplies and having to flee the factory on foot to avoid Covid transport curbs. Foxconn says there are currently more than 200,000 workers at its Zhengzhou plant.

"Being paid is not important anymore, the most important thing is to survive," one 30-year-old man working at Foxconn told AFP, saying he was staying at the factory because he was afraid of adding to an outbreak in his hometown.

"The anti-virus measures on campus are shambolic, virus-negative people are living together with virus-positive people," said the worker, who asked to remain anonymous.

He said the food provided to employees was "not filling", and complained of a lack of medicine for sick colleagues.

China is the last major economy committed to a zero-Covid strategy, persisting with snap lockdowns, mass testing and lengthy quarantines in a bid to stamp out emerging outbreaks.

But new variants have tested local officials' ability to snuff out flare-ups faster than they can spread, causing much of the country to live under an ever-changing mosaic of Covid curbs.

The district in Zhengzhou city said Wednesday that all businesses would be required to work from home, with only "key enterprises" allowed to continue operating. It did not specify which businesses fell under that category.

Only medical vehicles and those delivering essentials are allowed on the streets.

The district's more than 600,000 residents will have to take nucleic acid tests every day, the local government said, warning that it would "resolutely crack down on all kinds of violations".

The Communist Party-run Dahe Daily said on Wednesday local authorities would "thoroughly disinfect" Foxconn's facilities, including employee dormitories, over the next three days. Workers quarantining at the factory would need to show seven days of negative tests before leaving for their hometowns.

The paper also said the government had promised to provide timely meals and to set up a counselling hotline for workers.

- 'Closed loop'-

Foxconn told AFP on Wednesday its Zhengzhou park "maintains closed-loop operation", without providing details.

The company said at the weekend it was testing employees daily and offering transport to those who wanted to leave, after the videos on social media showed employees walking down motorways with their suitcases.

Footage shared with AFP by a Foxconn employee showed a large group of workers pushing their suitcases down an empty road on Tuesday afternoon, towards a line of people in hazmat suits.

The Zhengzhou factory accounts for around 80 percent of iPhone 14 production, senior analyst Ivan Lam at Counterpoint Research told AFP.

Apple did not immediately respond to an AFP request for comment.

Local governments in the area surrounding Zhengzhou city have asked Foxconn workers to register with authorities if they return home and to complete several days of quarantine upon arrival.

The company also said on Tuesday it would quadruple bonuses for employees willing to remain at the factory during the outbreak.

Chinese social media users accused Zhengzhou authorities on Wednesday of "performatively" lifting Covid restrictions after the city announced a day earlier it would "restore normal production and life".

"In the morning you lift the lockdown, then at night you lock down again, what are you trying to do?" Weibo user Taodixing asked.

China reported more than 2,000 fresh domestic infections on Wednesday for the third day in a row.

Henan province, where Zhengzhou is located, officially reported 359 Covid-19 infections on Wednesday, a jump from Tuesday's 104.

The southern Chinese manufacturing hub of Guangzhou also announced partial lockdowns in several districts this week in response to rising case numbers.

According to analysts Capital Economics, the number of people in quarantine in China is at its highest level since the Shanghai lockdown in spring, with outbreaks in more than 50 cities.

Five things to know about Taiwan tech giant Foxconn
Taipei (AFP) Nov 2, 2022 - China has imposed a strict lockdown on an area of central China housing a vast iPhone factory operated by Taiwanese tech giant Foxconn.

The company, also known as Hon Hai Technology Group, is the world's largest contract manufacturer of electronics, including producing 70 percent of all iPhone shipments globally.

The firm is also one of the world's biggest employers, with nearly 1.3 million working in factories mostly in China but also across Asia, eastern Europe, Latin America and the United States.

Here are five things to know about the tech behemoth, the latest victim of China's no-compromise zero-Covid strategy:

- Maverick founder -

Terry Gou, once Taiwan's richest man (he ranked 6th this year), started his business in 1974 making television parts.

And the rise of the self-made billionaire -- born to parents who had fled the Communist victory in China's civil war -- mimics the island's phenomenal economic success.

Experts say his aggressive dealmaking style has helped him secure billions of dollars in state funding and support from mainland China to expand his business empire.

Gou ceded control of Foxconn in 2019 to a committee as he pursued an ultimately failed attempt to run for Taiwan's presidency.

- Labour violations -

Foxconn has been embroiled in a series of labour scandals in the past, including a string of suicides at its China plants in 2010 that forced its founder to reassess his harsh management style.

The so-called "suicide nets" introduced to catch Foxconn employees attempting to take their own lives at the time became emblematic of the harsh price many blue collar workers paid for China's rapid economic rise.

The company has also during recent Covid outbreaks been accused of forcing employees who are unwell to work and not providing medical treatment or timely meals.

And China Labor Watch, a New York-based NGO, has also accused the firm of hiding the number of Covid-19 infections among its employees.

Foxconn on Sunday insisted that it "is making every effort" to ensure its employees are being looked after.

- Covid-battered China factories -

The Foxconn factory in central China's Zhengzhou is the world's biggest iPhone manufacturer, with tens of thousands of employees living in the sprawling campus year-round. Most only leave to visit their extended families during major holidays.

Since the first iPhone was rolled out in 2007, the company has expanded to six other Chinese cities, with factories manufacturing Amazon's Kindle ebook, Nintendo gaming systems, Sony's PlayStation, Google's Pixel devices, and others.

On Wednesday Chinese authorities imposed lockdowns on 600,000 people in the area surrounding the Zhengzhou plant, after weeks of alleged company mismanagement of an outbreak at the facility.

It is far from the first time Foxconn's supply chains in China have been disrupted in the past two years due to the state's strict zero-Covid policy, with the firm also forced to quarantine hundreds of workers in the early days of the pandemic.

- US-China tech war -

Foxconn has also been affected by rising US-China tensions over technology that have rattled global electronics supply chains.

When Gou and former US president Donald Trump grabbed ceremonial shovels at the 2018 groundbreaking of a $10 billion electronics factory in Wisconsin, Beijing saw it as an olive branch extended by the Taiwanese billionaire to avoid the fallout from the tech war.

But the project has fallen short of expectations, with a smaller plant and fewer jobs than initially announced. A political row also broke out over significant tax breaks the company received from the United States government to set up shop.

- Global footprint -

Foxconn has invested everywhere from Japan to India in a bid to diversify its business and wean itself off its dependence on China.

It acquired Japan's ailing Sharp in 2016, marking the first foreign takeover of a major Japanese electronics company.

Today it operates in 10 countries including Vietnam, Slovakia, Hungry, Czech Republic, Brazil, Mexico and the United States.

The company has also branched out into semiconductor, robots and healthcare sectors and embraced the rapidly expanding EV business with an aim to own five percent global market share in 2025.

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