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POLITICAL ECONOMY
China urges eurozone to end debt crisis
by Staff Writers
Washington (AFP) Sept 24, 2011

China on Saturday called on the eurozone to move quickly to end its debt crisis at a meeting of the world's finance chiefs in Washington.

"The sovereign debt crisis in the euro area needs to be resolved promptly to stabilize market confidence," China's central bank chief, Zhou Xiaochuan, said at the International Monetary Fund.

"Forceful and credible fiscal consolidation measures are needed in relevant economies to alleviate sovereign debt stress," he told the IMF's steering body in a closed-door meeting.

The central bank governor of the world's second-largest economy noted the global financial crisis originated in a "few advanced economies." He did not name the United States and its massive debt and deficits problems.

Though the US financial woes, heightened by extreme political divisions, have raised significant concerns, the eurozone crisis, with Greece on the brink of default, has dominated discussions at the annual meetings of the IMF and the World Bank.

A widespread view that US and EU political leaders are not up to managing their economies has shredded confidence, particularly in the financial markets, and that must be addressed, Zhou said.

"Global cooperation is imperative," Zhou told the International Monetary and Financial Committee, the steering body of the 187-institution.

"A key element of cooperation is for each country to take the matter in its own hand, take well-targeted measures, and put the domestic house in order."

For the major advanced economies, that means swiftly adopting "clear and credible" medium-term strategies to break the negative feedback loop between the public sector and private financial firms, boosting market confidence, he said.

Zhou also warned that the IMF, which currently has about $630 billion in financial resources, may not have enough money to help needy countries amid turmoil sparked by the advanced economies.

"As the European sovereign debt crisis unfolds, demand for IMF financing from its members has increased dramatically," he said.

"However, its available financial resources may not be adequate to meet the potential needs of the crisis-hit countries."

China, like most emerging-market and developing countries, maintained robust growth momentum during the crisis, contributing heavily to the global recovery from a 2008 recession.

But Zhou warned that those countries were facing stiff headwinds from "excessive global liquidity, volatile cross-border flows, weakening external demand, and fluctuating commodity prices."

He said that China's growth outlook remains "positive," and the economy is seeing an accelerating increase in domestic demand, a key objective of the IMF and the Group of 20 major economies in seeking to reduce dangerous global imbalances.

China, the engine of global growth, will see its gross domestic product expand by 9.5 percent in 2011 and 9.0 percent in 2012, according to IMF estimates revised slowly lower largely due to the US and EU debt problems.

Zhou acknowledged Beijing has its own homework to do.

"High inflation remains the top concern," he said.

Consumer prices rose 5.6 percent from January to August, double the pace of the same period a year ago, despite government steps to cool inflation.

Zhou signaled more efforts were in the pipeline, designed "to bring down inflation in the short term without major disruptions to growth."

A top IMF official suggested Saturday that China has the firepower to launch another growth stimulus if needed, following a huge package unveiled in late 2008 to counter the global financial crisis.

"China has the room to reintroduce a fiscal stimulus," said Anoop Singh, director of the IMF's Asia and Pacific department.

"It should probably be directed toward consumption and not toward investment."

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US, China at odds over IMF's financial resources
Washington (AFP) Sept 24, 2011 - The United States and China have diametrically opposing views on the International Monetary Fund's financial resources.

Washington sees adequate firepower, whereas Beijing says it may be insufficient in the face of the eurozone debt crisis.

"As the European sovereign debt crisis unfolds, demand for IMF financing from its members has increased dramatically," China's central bank chief, Zhou Xiaochuan, said in a speech Saturday to the IMF steering committee.

"However, its available financial resources may not be adequate to meet the potential needs of the crisis-hit countries."

The United States is on the opposite track.

"The IMF has adequate resources," a US Treasury official who asked not to be identified said Wednesday.

The official pointed to a November 2010 agreement to double the permanent contributions, or quotas, of its member states.

But before the quota reform can take effect, a sufficient number of national parliaments must ratify it. About 40 have done so, of the 113 needed.

The subject is delicate for the United States, the biggest contributor to the Fund's resources.

Republican lawmakers, who control the US House of Representatives, routinely voice opposition to international institutions like the Washington-based IMF.

The IMF today has $630 billion available to help middle- and high-income countries.

Paring off the financing already promised to Greece and to other countries, and excluding its reserves cushion, the IMF has the capacity to lend $383 billion over the next 12 months.

For the IMF managing director, Christine Lagarde, that may not be enough.

"The Funds credibility, and hence effectiveness, rests on its perceived capacity to cope with worst-case scenarios. Our lending capacity of almost $400 billion looks comfortable today but pales in comparison with the potential financing needs of vulnerable countries and crisis bystanders," she said in an IMF action plan released Saturday.

"It will be useful to discuss, soon, the needs and contingency options."

Since taking the IMF helm in July, Lagarde has made increasing its resources one of her battle cries.

Japan is on board, and is prepared to put more money into the coffers of the international emergency lender.

"It might be worthwhile to consider enhancing the Fund's financial resources," said Jun Azumi, the Japanese finance minister.

He suggested that the 187-nation institution "establish a facility capable of swiftly providing the necessary liquidity to member countries that are good performers" to prevent contagion from crises.

Speaking on behalf of six south American countries, the governor of Chile's central bank, Jose De Gregorio, called for "higher priority" to be given to the financing question.

There was no dearth of ideas for how to use any new resources.

It was "worth considering the creation of a multilateral facility where the Fund and central banks work together to provide liquidity to member countries facing financing pressure," Nigerian Finance Minister Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala said, representing 21 Sub-Saharan African countries.





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Beijing (AFP) Sept 22, 2011
Deposits are flowing out of China's major state-owned banks as high inflation and low interest rates prompt savers to seek better returns in the private lending market, state media said Thursday. Outstanding deposits at the four biggest banks - Industrial & Commercial Bank of China, China Construction Bank, Bank of China and Agricultural Bank of China - fell 420 billion yuan ($65.7 billion ... read more


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