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DEMOCRACY
EU lawmakers to confront 'threat' of Hungary's Orban
By Marine LAOUCHEZ
Strasbourg, France (AFP) Sept 11, 2018

No farewell yet as Juncker prepares State of the EU
Strasbourg, France (AFP) Sept 10, 2018 - European Commission President Jean-Claude Juncker will make his annual "state of the EU" speech this week, with the bloc buffeted by winds of populism from across the continent.

Aides insist Juncker's flagship address to the European Parliament in Strasbourg on Wednesday will be no farewell swansong, but will set out a strong reforming vision for his last 12 months.

The speech comes against a backdrop of host of crises of varying degrees of intensity, from increasingly urgent Brexit negotiations to the festering row over how to deal with migrants.

Lawmakers from the mainstream centre left and right parties will be looking to Juncker to help combat or stem a tide of euroscepticism before European elections next May.

With populist parties now sharing power in Italy, Austria, Hungary and Poland, and the far-right making gains in Sweden at the weekend, the mood among liberals and federalists is anxious.

This is a far cry from the optimism of Juncker's speech a year ago, when he boldly declared that "the wind is back in Europe's sails" -- despite the shock Brexit vote.

But Juncker's chief spokesman Margaritis Schinas insisted he would not flinch at the finish.

"We are a long way from macabre terms like 'testament'," he said recently.

"For the last stretch we are determined to follow a golden rule of politics: when you have a political mandate you start strong and you finish strong."

As part of its plan to tackle migration -- and thereby spike the guns of the populists -- the commission is expected to announce plans to beef up the Frontex border agency with 10,000 guards by 2020.

- Crisis after crisis -

From the very start of its mandate in 2014, the Juncker commission has faced unexpected challenges, most notably the 2015 migrant crisis -- the biggest of its kind in Europe since World War II.

Britain's decision to become the first country to quit the EU has also forced the Commission to use up time negotiating a divorce settlement with a weak government in London.

Maria Joao Rodrigues, deputy head of the centre-left Social Democrats group in parliament, said it had been "a legislature full of new challenges on top of the ones that were already there."

The growing divide between east and west has also become more of a problem, as Hungary and Poland have taken an authoritarian turn.

The commission launched unprecedented disciplinary proceedings against Poland in December over reforms that Brussels said amounted to a threat to the rule of law.

After Juncker's speech, the parliament will debate whether to call for Hungary to face the same procedure -- with hardline Prime Minister Viktor Orban to present his defence in an address to MEPs.

There have long been calls to reform the EU's asylum rules, particularly from countries where most migrants arrive -- Italy, Greece and Spain -- but little has been achieved.

At a summit in June, under pressure from the new anti-immigration and eurosceptic government in Rome, EU leaders thrashed out a new strategy for dealing with migrants, proposing to assess would-be arrivals outside the bloc, but the proposals have yet to be translated into action.

The commission must also respond to the mounting worries of European leaders and MEPs as the May 2019 elections approach, that of disinformation spreading on social media and the danger of deliberate manipulation by outside actors, notably Russia.

European lawmakers will challenge Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban to his face on Tuesday over what they see as his right-wing populist threat to EU founding values.

Orban plans to deliver a "frank and outspoken" defence of his stance before the European Parliament, which will decide whether to start steps that could lead to political sanctions against Hungary.

Budapest argues its anti-migrant measures and its defence of sovereign rights are in tune with the mood of European voters, who will elect a new parliament in Strasbourg next May.

But Judith Sargentini, who is spearheading a vote Wednesday on whether to take action against Hungary, warned her fellow MEPs that the 28-nation bloc's founding values are at stake.

"Do you want the rule of law?" demanded Sargentini, a left-wing Green MEP from the Netherlands.

Her proposed resolution warns that Hungary's actions represent a "systemic threat" to the bloc's democratic founding values.

It voices concerns about the Hungarian judiciary's independence, corruption, freedom of expression, academic freedom, religious freedom, and the rights of minorities and refugees.

Opposition to Orban's vision does not just come from the left.

There is disquiet in the main centre right parliamentary group, the European People's Party (EPP), about his position, despite it including his Fidesz party.

"MEPs from the centre right have a clear choice next week," declared Guy Verhofstadt, head of the liberal ALDE group.

"Support freedom and EU values by sanctioning Orban, or capitulate to far right populists who promote unfreedom."

It would be the first time the European Parliament votes to take steps under article seven of European Union treaties, which could ultimately deny Hungary its EU voting rights.

But the European Commission, the EU's executive arm, launched similar steps under article seven against Poland in December last year over its alleged threat to the independence of the courts.

Poland's ally Hungary has pledged to veto any move to impose such penalties on Warsaw, which would effectively block the measure.

Nor is it clear whether Sargentini's preliminary procedure will win the necessary two-thirds support of the assembly.

While Orban's actions have provoked opposition, they have been applauded by populists elsewhere in the EU, with several prominent far-right figures floating the idea of a pan-European populist alliance ahead of 2019 elections for the bloc.

On Monday the leader of Austria's far-right party, Vice Chancellor Heinz-Christian Strache, said he would "gladly" invite Orban's party into a common bloc, and Italy's new far-right Interior Minister Matteo Salvini has also expressed admiration for Orban.

- 'Frank and outspoken' -

The Commission, headed by Jean-Claude Juncker, an EPP member, has repeatedly clashed with Orban's government, especially since it refused to admit asylum seekers under an EU scheme launched at the height of the migration crisis in 2015.

In July, the EU executive body warned it could take Budapest before the European Court of Justice over laws which call for up to a year in prison for anyone assisting an undocumented migrant.

These were dubbed the "Stop Soros" laws after liberal Hungarian-born US billionaire George Soros, who is accused without evidence by Orban's government of orchestrating migration to Europe.

The top EU court could impose fines, which would be less drastic for Hungary than losing its voting rights.

Hungarian government spokesman Zoltan Kovacs told reporters in Brussels on Monday that Orban's government sees the parliamentary motion as a "witch hunt", calling it "very dangerous" and "divisive."

He said it has sent MEPs and EU countries a 100-plus page rebuttal of Sargentini's "false" charges and that Orban will give a robust, but brief defence on Tuesday.

Kovacs also suggested that the alliance with Fidesz boosts the EPP's appeal to European voters.

"Our perspective is something that would help the EPP remain the strongest political community or group in the European Parliament," Kovacs said.

The liberal-versus-populist battle has split Europe at the highest levels.

The EPP is led by Manfred Weber, an ally of German Chancellor Angela Merkel who last week announced his bid to succeed Jean-Claude Juncker as head of the European Commission next year.

"The big issue is how the EPP will vote, particularly Mr. Weber," said Maria Joao Rodrigues, a leading Portuguese member of the Socialists and Democrats group, which supports the motion.

In an interview with Austrian daily Standard, Weber said the EPP owes Orban "no special treatment".

French President Emmanuel Macron, an outspoken defender of EU values, has urged the EPP to clarify its stance, saying it could not back both Merkel and Orban at the same time.

Macron said late last month that Orban and Italy's Salvini were right to see him as their "main opponent" on migration.

"I will give no ground to nationalists and those who spread words of hate," Macron said.


Related Links
Democracy in the 21st century at TerraDaily.com


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