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POLITICAL ECONOMY
Eurozone delays Greek bailout as China pledges support
by Staff Writers
Brussels (AFP) Feb 15, 2012

China cuts US debt holdings as reserves fall
Washington (AFP) Feb 15, 2012 - China cut its holdings of US debt by nearly $32 billion in December as its own huge reserves fell in the fourth quarter, US Treasury data showed Wednesday.

The largest foreign investor in US debt, China's holdings of Treasury bonds fell to $1,100.7 billion last month, down from $1,132.6 billion in November.

In January Beijing reported its total foreign exchange reserves, including the US debt, fell to $3.18 trillion at the end of December from a peak of $3.27 trillion in October, as its trade surplus began to narrow and as capital moved out of the country as speculation eased that the yuan would continue to appreciate against the dollar.


The eurozone gave Greece a new ultimatum and delayed a decision on a debt rescue, but China expressed support for the euro pushing up stock markets on Wednesday.

The ministers called off a meeting on the rescue to avert imminent default for Greece complaining that Athens still had not fulfilled two vital conditions, with time running out for a debt restructuring.

China's top central banker meanwhile said in Beijing that the Asian giant would help Europe by continuing to buy eurozone government debt.

The eurozone put their approval of new bailout on hold late Tuesday after Greece was still at pains to come up with an extra 325 million euros ($425 million) in budget cuts.

Eurozone leaders are also demanding written pledges from Greek politicians, who face a likely snap vote in April, that all austerity measures promised to EU and IMF creditors will be implemented no matter the electoral outcome.

"I did not yet receive the required political assurances from the leaders of the Greek coalition parties on the implementation of the programme," Luxembourg Prime Minister and head of the group of eurozone finance ministers Jean-Claude Juncker said in a statement.

With the delay, previously scheduled talks in Brussels on Monday become the new deadline though government sources said that Greece will put down its assurances in a letter by Wednesday.

Global markets rose in Asia and at opening in Europe encouraged by the reassurances from China.

Central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan repeated remarks by Premier Wen Jiabao that China was ready to get more involved in efforts to resolve the eurozone debt crisis, which is hurting demand for its exports.

"As Premier Wen Jiabao said yesterday at the China-EU summit, China will... continue to invest in European government bonds and will continue... to get more involved in solving the European debt crisis," Zhou said.

Wen had told EU president Herman Van Rompuy and European Commission president Jose Manuel Barroso that China was ready to increase its participation in the effort.

Greece desperately needs the 230-billion-euro rescue package -- 130 billion euros in fresh loans and a 100-billion-euro write down on privately-held bonds -- to avoid defaulting on 14.5 billion euros in debt owed on March 20.

A government source, after a long cabinet meeting on Tuesday, said Prime Minister Lucas Papademos would announce how he plans to come up with the 325 million euros "in the coming days."

"The steps to take in the coming days and weeks are numerous and crucial" and will demand "an enormous and constant effort by the government," Papademos warned his ministers.

According to Greek media, part of the savings will come from a 10-percent reduction in salaries of government workers, such as military personnel, police, judges and diplomats, along with cuts in ministries budgets, including that of defence.

The eurozone wants to ensure that the bailout deals will drastically reduce Greece's debt burden, from 160 percent of gross domestic product to 120 percent in 2020.

The enormous problems confronting Greece were illustrated by new data showing that the economy, in recession for a fifth year, shrank by 7.0 percent in the fourth quarter of 2011 compared with the same period a year earlier.

The Greek parliament approved 3.2 billion euros in cuts on Sunday despite protests and riots in the streets of Athens, as Greek workers were hit by a 22-percent cut in the minimum wage.

Other hurdles remain before Greece can secure bailout funds as the German and Dutch parliaments separately need to approve it, with Berlin's vote scheduled for February 27.

Europe was also looking for outside help to resolve the debt crisis.

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Italy slides into recession as budget cuts bite
Milan (AFP) Feb 15, 2012 - Italy has slid back into recession after the economy shrank 0.7 percent in the fourth quarter following stringent budget cuts aimed at stabilising the public finances, official data showed Wednesday.

The economy contracted 0.2 percent in the third quarter and a recession is normally defined as two consecutive quarters of economic contraction. Figures from the Istat data agency showed overall growth of 0.4 percent for 2011.

Italy's last recession was during the global financial crisis in 2009.

The fourth quarter shrinkage was bigger than expected by analysts polled by Dow Jones Newswires, who had been forecasting a 0.4-percent contraction.

Under attack on the financial markets over its giant 1.9-trillion-euro ($2.5-trillion) national debt, Italy has adopted several large scale austerity packages since 2010 which have slowed economic activity.

The government is currently forecasting a gross domestic product (GDP) contraction of 0.4 percent this year but the Bank of Italy has said it expects the shrinkage to be between 1.2 percent and 1.5 percent.

The International Monetary Fund estimates a fall of 2.2 percent.

Prime Minister Mario Monti, a former eurocrat and economics professor, took over from Silvio Berlusconi in November as the head of an unelected technocratic government charged with rescuing Italy from financial disaster.

He has promised long-delayed structural reforms to boost growth.

The growth data comes a day after Italy announced it would not make a bid for the 2020 Olympics in order to save money and as the defence ministry announced sweeping defence cuts including a cut in F-35 fighter jet orders.

Defence Minister Giampaolo Di Paola said the number of armed forces and defence ministry personnel would be reduced by 43,000 to 170,000 over the next decade through hiring cuts and transfers.

He said F-35 orders from the United States would be cut from 131 to 90.

The army will also lose two of its 11 brigades, as well as reduce the number of tanks, armoured personnel carriers, artillery pieces and helicopters.

The number of warships and submarines will be reduced from 24 to 14.

Di Paola said some defence ministry property would be sold off "to contribute to a restructuring of the defence ministry and more generally to a financial recovery in the country."

The Bank of Italy also announced that the public debt had gone down to 1.898 trillion euros in December 2011 from 1.905 trillion euros in November -- but was still higher than the level of 1.843 trillion euros in December 2010.



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POLITICAL ECONOMY
China says ready to help solve EU debt crisis
Beijing (AFP) Feb 14, 2012
China's Premier Wen Jiabao said Tuesday his country was ready to increase its participation in efforts to resolve Europe's debt crisis, after holding talks with EU leaders in Beijing. Wen said China wanted to see Europe - its biggest trading partner - "maintain stability and prosperity", a day after ratings agency Moody's downgraded Italy, Spain and Portugal. The two sides also agreed ... read more


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