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Flurry of lobbying cash obscures US climate debate

Africa demands deep carbon cuts from rich world
Some 50 African nations staged a show of force at world climate talks here Tuesday, demanding that rich countries commit to deep cuts in the carbon emissions that stoke global warming. Talks were suspended throughout the day in one of the twin negotiation tracks under the 192-nation UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) before delegates hammered out a procedure for addressing the demand. In an exceptional show of unity, African countries blamed advanced economies for using fossil fuels to take the fast track to prosperity but at the cost of unleashing today's climate nightmare. They accused rich countries of backsliding on saying how deep they will rein in their greenhouse-gas pollution in the medium term. They demanded emissions curbs from them of 40 percent by 2020 over 1990 levels to show good faith in the effort to craft a post-2012 climate treaty.

"We consider the quality of ambition stated by the developed countries unacceptable and cannot proceed on the substance of 20 to 30 percent cuts," said Gambian chief delegate Pa Ousman Jarju, speaking for the African bloc. "We have to consider ambitious targets and numbers, and Africa's official opinion is that (developed countries) cut by a minimum of 40 percent." The African boycott stalled negotiations in several groups meeting under the Kyoto Protocol, the UNFCCC's cornerstone treaty. Other developing countries, including China, voiced support for the protest. The negotiations' other track includes Kyoto countries and the United States, which has refused to ratify the Protocol. Delegates have until Friday to whittle down a sprawling text into a manageable draft for December 7-18 talks in Copenhagen. Africa accounts for only around four percent of global carbon emissions.

by Staff Writers
Washington (AFP) Nov 2, 2009
When it comes to the debate in the United States over what to do about climate change, cash has clouded the issue.

Lobbying groups for both the energy and environmental sides have boosted their spending by double digits over last year as the US Senate is poised to debate key legislation ahead of global climate change talks next month.

But science and specifics are hard to find in the barrage of ads and messages about green jobs, alternative energy and the dangers of pollution.

Energy sector groups spent a total of 300 million dollars through the third quarter of 2009 and were on pace for a record spending year, according to the Center for Responsive Politics, which tracks lobbyist spending.

From January to September, some of the biggest energy lobby spenders included oil and gas (120.7 million dollars), electric utilities (108 million) and alternate energy which showed a 40 percent boost over last year with 23 million.

That makes the energy sector the third largest in terms of spending on lawmaker lobbying, campaign contributions, labor unions, business and special interest groups after health and business.

On the other hand, environmental groups which tend to press for reforms that the energy sector opposes, were far outspent at 16 million dollars during the same period, a 14 percent increase from last year.

And the difference is apparent in the size of the lobbyist armies that descend on Capitol Hill each day. Overall, energy-related companies hired 2,225 lobbyists so far this year, compared to environmentalists who hired just 465.

Washington is blanketed with energy advertisements in the bus stops and metro, from big oil companies touting individuals who conserve energy in small ways to dire warnings from green groups about the dangers of doing nothing.

One advertisement that ran on television in October proclaimed that "C02 is Green," denying its effects on global warming and calling carbon dioxide "Earth's greatest airborne fertilizer."

Leighton Steward, a retired Texas oil man who is spokesman for the group that ran the ads and set up websites to support the claims, said his aim was to stop US lawmakers from implementing costly regulations.

"We are getting ready to spend a couple of trillion dollars to try and reduce atmospheric dioxide which I don't believe is having any significant effect on climate change," he told AFP.

"It is clear, it is odorless, it is tasteless, it is a total benefit," he said, adding that "thousands of research papers that have been written on the benefits of additional carbon dioxide."

A coalition of environmental groups led by the Alliance for Climate Protection launched in 2006 by former vice president Al Gore is launching its own ads this week along with an online "wall" where people can express their support for clean energy.

"We believe that this effort, with nearly 200 organizers in 23 states, as well as the wall, will obviously have an impact in showing the support for action now and in the near term," said the group's president Maggie Fox.

"This is intended to move us forward in the broadest sense," she said.

The group's appeal for support reads: "I support clean energy policies that will create millions of jobs and solve the climate crisis."

However, there is no mention of the stickier concepts that have bogged down lawmakers, such as a "cap and trade" system to punish polluters, or how to capture carbon emitted by the coal industries which produce cheap energy.

There's a reason for the vagueness of the lobby-fueled debate, according to Bob Perkowitz, president of consumer research group EcoAmerica which studies mainstream Americans' beliefs on environmental issues.

"When they hear 'cap and trade,' they think of baseball. If you ask them what alternative or renewable energy means they can't describe those," Perkowitz said.

"The way most Americans are with global warming, they end up getting superficial information from different sources and forming some sort of vague opinion about it."

Columbia University geochemistry professor Wally Broecker lamented the mislaying of cash when it comes to the environment and creating new, greener technologies.

"The total amount of money spent on C02 capture in the atmosphere is seven to 10 million. That's the amount a professional ball player makes in a season. That's absurd," Broecker said.

"As far as preparing, we are doing almost nothing and that is really terrible," he added.

"Fifty percent of people in the US don't believe in evolution. The same mentality goes for global warming," he said. "We are not a very deep thinking population."

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Carve out clear options, UN climate talks told
Barcelona, Spain (AFP) Nov 2, 2009
Negotiators meeting for a final session before a worldwide conference on climate change were urged on Monday to craft simple, clear options for politicians facing next month's haggle in Copenhagen. "The clock has almost ticked down to zero and, as always, time will fly," the head of the UN's climate convention, Yvo de Boer, warned the 192-nation forum, meeting in Barcelona until Friday. ... read more







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