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POLITICAL ECONOMY
G20 leaders kick off stormy summit

China needs 'sound' world economy to pursue forex reform: Hu
Seoul (AFP) Nov 11, 2010 - Chinese President Hu Jintao told US President Barack Obama Thursday that Beijing has an "unswerving" resolve to pursue currency reform, but needs a sound world economy to do it, an official said. "President Hu also stressed that China's resolve to push forward foreign exchange reform is unswerving," foreign ministry spokesman Ma Zhaoxu said after Hu and Obama met just prior to the start of a G20 summit in Seoul. "The reform will need a very sound external environment and can only be implemented in an incremental process," Ma told reporters, throwing the onus on the United States to avoid any instability in the world economy.

According to Chinese television news, Hu also told Obama that Beijing was "paying attention to the quantitative easing policy" -- a 600-billion-dollar stimulus by the Federal Reserve that has sparked worldwide concern. "US policies should take into account the interests of emerging market countries and developing countries," Hu said, according to the bulletin on state TV. US officials said the 80-minute bilateral meeting was dominated by divisions over exchange rate policy and the need to improve the atmosphere of the broader Sino-US relationship ahead of a visit by Hu to Washington in January. Washington has become increasingly impatient with China's so-far limited efforts to allow the value of its currency to rise. US officials say the yuan's value is kept artificially low to boost Chinese exports.

But Beijing has hit back by leading global criticism of the Fed's renewal of quantitative easing, arguing Washington is risking the global recovery in its own search for growth by flooding vulnerable emerging economies with new money. The argument has roiled the G20 summit, with Beijing pushing for the group to monitor policy shifts by the US central bank, and the United States wanting action to trim the bloated trade surpluses of exporters such as China. But in a brief photo-op that was open to reporters, Hu told Obama that China was ready to work with Washington to "increase dialogue, exchanges and cooperation", and said he hoped his US visit would be a success. After the meeting, commerce ministry spokesman Yu Jianhua said Beijing was not seeking to confront the United States on economic matters. "I don't think we want to carry out confrontation with the United States, whether on currency or trade," he said, adding there was much "common ground" to be found between the world's two largest economies.
by Staff Writers
Seoul (AFP) Nov 11, 2010
The world's 20 biggest rich and emerging powers were locked late Thursday in anguished talks on fixing distortions that threaten global growth, as their leaders kicked off a fractious summit.

The United States, striving to recover from its worst economic crisis in decades, locked horns anew with exporting giants China and Germany over a plan to rebalance skewed trade between deficit and surplus countries.

President Barack Obama, grafting to salvage a deal at the G20 after suffering an economy-linked drubbing in US elections last week, said his administration wanted to boost growth via "prudent" economic policies.

"It is difficult to do that if we start seeing the huge imbalances redevelop that helped to contribute to the crisis that we just went through," he told a news conference with the summit's host, South Korean President Lee Myung-Bak.

"I don't think this is a controversial proposition."

But controversy is rife in the G20 after the Federal Reserve instituted a 600-billion-dollar attempt to reflate the US economy, in a radical monetary step that foreign critics say will trigger tit-for-tat currency devaluations.

Chinese officials sought to throw the onus back on the United States by arguing that Beijing has an "unswerving" commitment to reform its currency regime, but needs stability in the world economy to do it.

"If you're sick yourself, don't ask others to take medicine," commerce ministry spokesman Yu Jianhua said, demanding the debt-ridden United States fix its own house first.

In one-on-one talks with Obama, Chinese President Hu Jintao said: "I believe that with the concerted efforts of all the parties, the summit in Seoul will produce positive outcomes."

British Prime Minister David Cameron, however, conceded that the G20 was not in a "heroic phase" after its determined response to the 2008 financial crisis, and that it needed to do "a lot more work" on fixing economic imbalances.

Harried negotiators have been meeting long into the night all week in Seoul to try to pin down language that the G20 leaders can adopt in a closing communique on Friday.

The talks were likely to drag long into Thursday night, South Korean officials said, after the G20 heads of government opened their two-day summit with a working dinner of Korean beef and halibut.

"China is being very difficult in finalising the texts, so there might be brackets left for the leaders to fill in after all," a German government source said late Thursday.

At best, South Korean and German officials said, the G20 may settle for a watered-down deal to task the International Monetary Fund with crafting guidelines to trim the yawning imbalances between creditor and debtor nations.

Ahead of her own bilateral meeting with Obama, German Chancellor Angela Merkel lashed out at a more detailed US plan to rectify lopsided commerce by limiting the current account surpluses of big exporters.

The United States wants the G20 to agree to curtail "excessive imbalances" as a back-door way of forcing China to realign its currency, which critics say is kept deliberately cheap to support Chinese exporters.

But the proposal has run into trouble not just from China but from an array of nations including Germany, an export champion that insists its own trading prowess has nothing to do with any currency chicanery.

"To set political limits on trade surpluses and deficits is neither economically justified nor politically appropriate," Merkel told a G20 business summit.

In Beijing, the National Bureau of Statistics announced that China's consumer inflation was now running at its fastest pace in more than two years -- and an NBS spokesman said that would only worsen under the Fed's stimulus.

Emerging economies around the world are worried that the billions in new Fed money will stoke speculative flows of foot-loose "hot money", and some are resorting to capital controls in a bid to stem the tide.

There is anxiety that G20 nations could be heading for a return to 1930s-style trade protectionism, with damning consequences for the world economy two years after the start of the global financial crisis.

Japanese Prime Minister Naoto Kan said the risk was of "competitive devaluation of currencies reminiscent of the Great Depression".



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