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DEMOCRACY
Hong Kong takes next step on political reform
By Aaron TAM
Hong Kong (AFP) Jan 7, 2015


Race begins to find new leader for battered Japan opposition
Tokyo (AFP) Jan 7, 2015 - Japan's battle-scarred main opposition party Wednesday began choosing a new leader as it tries to recover from a disastrous showing in December's general election and from years of drift.

Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's crushing win in national polls last month -- his second in two years -- was believed by some commentators to be largely due to the absence of a credible alternative.

The Democratic Party of Japan, which governed for three years until December 2012, won just 73 seats in the 475-seat lower house. Abe's Liberal Democratic Party has 291 seats.

The party's tally -- barely up on their drubbing in 2012 -- did not include leader Banri Kaieda, who lost his seat.

Three heavyweights lined up Wednesday to present their cases for taking his place, all trying to put the party back on an even keel.

The presumptive frontrunner is one-time leader Katsuya Okada, a 61-year-old Harvard-trained former deputy prime minister. He is widely known for his policy knowledge and strict self-discipline including refusal to accept all gifts -- even Valentine's Day chocolate.

"We are a party for consumers, taxpayers, ordinary citizens, and working people," Okada told a press conference where he and his rivals declared their candidacy for the top job.

"We are also a reformist party that thinks about the future."

He appeared at Wednesday's press conference wearing an eye-patch, after reportedly undergoing eye surgery.

Okada faces challenges from the telegenic Goshi Hosono, 43, a media-savvy former minister in charge of handling the Fukushima atomic crisis and from Akira Nagatsuma, 54, known for his desire to refashion the public pension system.

Whoever wins will have his work cut out rebuilding public trust in the nominally centre-left party, whose three years in power to December 2012 were characterised by power struggles, policy flip-flops and diplomatic mis-steps.

The party was also criticised for its handling of the nuclear crisis in the aftermath of the killer March 2011 tsunami.

Commentators warn that a directionless opposition party is not good for Japan's polity, and allows Abe almost unfettered rein.

They point to the record low 52.66 percent turnout in the general election as proof of voters' disillusionment with a system of governance often criticised for pandering to vested interests.

Hong Kong Wednesday announced new proposals for how the city should choose its next leader but made clear that candidates would still be screened -- the key issue behind more than two months of mass protests.

More than 20 lawmakers carrying yellow umbrellas -- the symbol of the pro-democracy movement -- walked out of the legislative chamber as the consultation document was about to be presented by government number two Carrie Lam.

They shouted "I want universal suffrage" as they left the chamber, forcing a brief adjournment.

The document -- posted online so that residents can give their views -- outlines options for how leadership candidates will be nominated and for the composition of the nominating committee, which democracy campaigners fear will be stacked with pro-Beijing figures.

But Lam emphasised that the process would have to adhere to China's ruling that candidates must be vetted.

"Any attempt to revoke the Beijing decision is unrealistic," she said.

China has pledged that voters in Hong Kong can elect the city's next chief executive in 2017 -- the first time there has ever been a public vote.

But it insists that only two or three candidates can stand and that they will be vetted by a loyalist committee.

That decision sparked demonstrations that brought tens of thousands onto the streets at their height, before protest camps were cleared in December.

- 'Fake democracy' -

The government has billed the reform process as "historic" and says that it wants to reflect the pluralistic nature of Hong Kong society in the vote for the next leader. But campaigners have branded it fake democracy.

"We call on the Hong Kong government not to waste time but relaunch the political reform process," Alan Leong of the pro-democracy Civic Party said after walking out of the legislature Wednesday.

Leong had earlier been called a "running dog" -- a Chinese saying meaning traitor -- by pro-government protesters gathered outside the legislature waving a large Chinese flag.

Cyd Ho of the Labour Party added: "We cannot accept a vote after vetting because it doesn't offer real choices."

The consultation said one option was that anyone with 100 votes from the 1,200-strong nominating committee could start lobbying to become an official candidate for leader.

But the same committee would carry out a second round of vetting, with each final candidate needing to secure 50 percent support before standing for the public vote -- a stipulation of the Beijing ruling.

The consultation is the last official gauge of public opinion before a finalised proposal on electoral reform is put before the legislative council.

Pro-democracy lawmakers have vowed to vote against the plan unless it revokes the vetting of candidates.

If the final framework fails to pass with a two thirds majority it would mean a delay in the introduction of a public vote to Hong Kong.

"If the bill is not passed, Hong Kong's democratic development will be delayed... until 2022," Lam said.

"I urge democrats not to boycott the consultation or veto the bill."

But even senior member of the reform task force Raymond Tam said he was "pessimistic" it would go through.

Currently the city's leader is chosen by a pro-Beijing election committee.

Political analyst Sonny Lo said it was "too early to say" whether the final reform bill would be passed, as some pro-democrats could be persuaded by public opinion to vote for it.

"Public sentiment in Hong Kong is politically pragmatic. Most people would like to see a more harmonious way of discussion," he said.

There is still discontent and concern about China's increasing influence over the semi-autonomous city.

But many residents also became frustrated with the fragmented democracy movement and protest camps which brought parts of the city to a standstill.

Hong Kong was handed from Britain back to China in 1997 and enjoys freedoms not seen on the mainland.


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DEMOCRACY
Hong Kong leader warns against protests ahead of reform talks
Hong Kong (AFP) Jan 06, 2015
Hong Kong's leader warned Tuesday against fresh pro-democracy protests before the next step in the city's contentious political reform process, as a new official report on the mass rallies sparked widespread anger. The government will Wednesday launch a second round of public consultation on the process for electing the city's next chief executive in 2017. Beijing has promised Hong Kong ... read more


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