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DEMOCRACY
Islamists appear heading for victory
by Staff Writers
Washington (UPI) Dec 2, 2011

disclaimer: image is for illustration purposes only

Egyptian officials will soon officially announce results of parliamentary elections but the writing is already on the wall: It's victory for Islamist parties.

In balloting in nine of the country's 27 provinces, the Freedom and Justice Party is expected to claim 40-45 percent of the vote, with the Al-Nour Party vying for second place against liberal political groups, news reports indicate.

The Freedom and Justice Party is the political wing of the Islamist Muslim Brotherhood, which was banned during the 30-year rule of deposed President Hosni Mubarak and which is opposed to the 1979 peace accords between the Arab world's largest state and Israel.

The recently founded Al-Nour Party is a fundamentalist organization that says society and government should be governed by the Koran -- Islam's holy book -- and Shariah law.

Both are expected to continue their leads as the rest of the country votes in the remaining five stages of the election process for a Parliament, which will later draw up a new constitution for the country.

What that constitution will look like is very much conjecture but with Islamists dominating the 498-seat body it would likely give pause, at least in some areas, to secularists.

The Muslim Brotherhood, the best organized political party and social organization despite its earlier banning, has publically denounced terrorism and political violence and pledged its commitment to democracy. The face it has shown to the world is one of practicality.

How a confrontation with Egypt's Supreme Council of the Armed Forces would test that posture is looming closer.

The Muslim Brotherhood said that with a majority in a new Parliament it would name a prime minister. But council leader Hussein Tantawi recently named a prime minister to head the next interim government and analysts believe Tantawi's would willingly leave office come March.

Popular discontent against the military runs high in Egypt, and protests erupted in Cairo last month calling for an end to the military council, which is accused of trying to consolidate its power and privilege.

The Muslim Brotherhood didn't take part in the latest demonstrations, fearing that spiraling street battles would result in the council canceling the scheduled elections. Whether it would continue that posture in a showdown with the council is anyone's guess.

The United States, which pours billions of dollars in military and civil aid to Cairo and other Western countries have so far refrained from comment on Egyptian voting other than to congratulate Egyptians on having an apparently free and open election process.

Israel's top leaders are holding their breaths. The Muslim Brotherhood has in the past promised to scrap the 1979 peace accord with Israel if it ever came to power, and recent polling in Egypt has shown the majority of the population is either of the same mind or in favor of rewriting provisions of it, especially where bilateral trade is concerned.

The Muslim Brotherhood is also the godfather of Hamas, the radical Palestinian group in control of the Gaza Strip. Egypt under Mubarak had clamped down on arms smuggling to Hamas but whether an Egypt ruled by the Muslim Brotherhood would do the same is an open question.

One round of voting down, five more to go and an uncertain future remains for the Arab World's most influential country.

Related Links
Democracy in the 21st century at TerraDaily.com




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Nepalese peace process gets bogged down
Kathmandu, Nepal (UPI) Dec 2, 2011 - Nepal's government and main opposition party are at loggerheads over how many former Maoist rebels can join the army, an essential part of the peace process.

Nepalese Prime Minister Baburam Bhattarai - a former Maoist rebel -- met opposition leader Sushil Koirala, of the Nepali Congress Party, in an effort to convince him to allow more than 6,500 rebels in the army, as agreed in November, a report by the BBC said.

Many more rebels than expected want to join the army. Around 19,000 registered former Maoist fighters are waiting in remote base camps, a report in the on-line newspaper eKantipur.com said.

A spokesman for the Nepali Congress Party said that it wasn't prepared to show flexibility, adding that it would "stand firm" over how many former insurgents would be allowed to integrate into the army and security forces, the BBC said.

Koirala is reported to have said he would allow more rebels to join the army only after the government has compensated people who lost land and property to the rebels during the war.

Around 15,000 people were killed and up to 150,000 people displaced in fighting by the Maoist's Communist Party of Nepal who wanted to set up a republic.

But Maoist rebels ended their decade-long armed struggle in 2006. Their political leadership joined other political parties in trying to create a more modern country out of the kingdom, a poor and isolated nation high in the Himalayan Mountains with India to the south and China to the north.

The peace accord of November 2006, monitored by the U.N. mission in Nepal, allowed the political parties to abolish the monarchy in early 2008 and work on writing a new constitution.

However, a solid agreement on the integration of the army and compensation to victims of the war have hampered the peace process since it began in 2006.

In August Nepal's Constituent Assembly voted to extend its term for three months in another attempt to draft a constitution and integrate Maoist rebels.

The decision was made at the same time as the inauguration of Bhattarai of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) as the Himalayan country's prime minister.

He took over from Prime Minister Jhala Nath Khanal who stepped down after only seven months in office and under increasing pressure from all parties, including his own CPN (Unified Marxist-Leninist). Khanal cleared the way for someone who could galvanize all parties into agreeing a constitution as Nepal moves from being a kingdom to an elected parliamentary democracy.

But a succession of Nepalese governments has foundered on the constitution issue.

Bhattarai, 57, has a doctorate degree from New Delhi's Jawaharlal Nehru University. His party has the largest number of seats of any party but not an absolute a majority -- 237 seats in the 595-member Constituent Assembly.

Bhattarai was finance minister in the first Maoist government after the 2008 elections.



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DEMOCRACY
India's Maoists call for a national strike
New Delhi (UPI) Nov 29, 2011
Maoist rebels in India want a two-day countrywide strike to protest the killing of their leader, Koteshwar Rao, in a gun battle with security forces. The call for the strike for next Sunday and Monday was made in a recorded statement sent to the BBC. A spokesman for the Communist Party of India (Maoist), calling himself Abhay, said the shutdown includes all schools and businesses ... read more


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