Here are comments from some leading economists:
- 'Spectacle of failed policies' -
Li Daokui, one of China's most influential economists, told AFP that Trump's tariffs mainly aim to "squeeze other countries" for concessions.
"It is hard to imagine that there is any other economic policy that can make people around the world, including people in the United States itself, suffer losses at the same time.
"This is simply a 'spectacle' of failed economic policies," Li said.
"Both the US government and the US economy will suffer huge losses," said Li, an economics professor at Tsinghua University and former member of China's main political advisory body.
He said the Chinese government has fully prepared for tariffs -- Beijing has readied countermeasures and stepped up efforts to stimulate domestic consumption.
While Trump's trade policy signifies the end of US leadership in globalisation, it gives Beijing opportunities to negotiate free trade agreements with other countries and play a key role in any effort to establish a new system that would replace the World Trade Organization, Li said.
"China has the economic foundation to lead globalisation."
- 'Failure of Reaganism' -
For Thomas Piketty, French author of the best-selling "Capital in the Twenty-First Century", "Trumpism is first of all a reaction to the failure of Reaganism" -- the liberalisation of President Ronald Reagan in the 1980s.
"Republicans realise that economic liberalism and globalisation have not benefitted the middle class as they said they would," the left-leaning economist told AFP.
"So now they're using the rest of the world as a scapegoat," he said.
"But it's not going to work. The Trump cocktail is simply going to generate more inflation and more inequalities."
In response, "Europe needs to define its own priorities and prepare for the global recession that's coming" with a massive investment plan in "energy and transport infrastructure, education, research and health".
- 'Malignant stupidity' -
Paul Krugman, the Nobel economics prize laureate, said the United States was essentially the founder of the modern trade system that had led to lower tariffs over the past decades.
"Donald Trump burned it all down," Krugman wrote on his popular Substack blog before the president's baseline 10-percent tariffs on imports took effect on Saturday.
"Trump isn't really trying to accomplish economic goals. This should all be seen as a dominance display, intended to shock and awe people and make them grovel," he said.
Krugman accused the US administration of "malignant stupidity" at a time when "the fate of the world economy is on the line".
"How can anyone, whether they're businesspeople or foreign governments, trust anything coming out of an administration that behaves like this?"
- 'Major problem' for the poor -
For Nasser Saidi, a former economy minister of Lebanon, "a major problem is the impact on the least-developed and emerging countries" from Trump's "seismic shock to the global trade landscape".
"Countries like Egypt, Lebanon or Jordan are going to face disruptions in terms of their trade relations" as well as the prospect of cuts to foreign investments.
"When you have tariffs of this type being set up -- high levels of tariffs with no economic basis -- what you're going to do is severely disrupt supply chains," he added.
"I think we're finished with the era of globalisation and liberalisation", which will lead countries in the Middle East, for example, to reinforce ties with Asian partners.
- 'Big boys will suffer' -
Kako Nubukpo, an economist and former government minister in Togo, warned that Trump's tariffs would hit African nations already suffering from political difficulties.
"Those left behind by globalisation appear more and more numerous. And so we've seen an increase in illiberal regimes, whether that's in Europe, Africa or America," he said.
"(But) protectionism is a weapon of the weak and I think Trump has realised that in the competition with China, the United States is now the weaker one."
In response, "African countries should promote their own national and regional value chains" as buffers against Trump's tariffs.
Bismarck Rewane, CEO of Financial Derivatives Co. in Nigeria, said "big powers" would suffer most from a global recession.
"The small powers, we don't have that much to suffer because we were already bleeding before, so we just stay where we are," he said.
"Africa will suffer but not as much as the big boys."
Myanmar garment manufacturers warn US tariffs imperil quake recovery
Yangon (AFP) April 8, 2025 -
Myanmar's garment manufacturers have warned that US tariffs threaten to hobble the country's recovery from a devastating earthquake, as the death toll rose to 3,645 on Tuesday.
President Donald Trump's sweeping tariffs will see the Southeast Asian country hit with a 44 percent tax on US imports as it reels from last month's tremor which razed thousands of homes, schools and monasteries in its central belt.
Junta spokesman Zaw Min Tun said on Tuesday evening that 148 people remained missing from the March 28 quake as fatalities hit 3,645, with 5,017 people injured.
The Myanmar Garment Manufacturers Association (MGMA) said the tariffs due to take effect from Wednesday were causing "considerable concern" in an industry employing more than 500,000 people, mostly young women.
"Amid Myanmar's current challenging context, the new tariffs will increase the vulnerability of Myanmar businesses that have been struggling to stay afloat," the group said in a statement on Monday evening.
"The recent devastating earthquake... will only exacerbate the many challenges confronting Myanmar businesses and communities," it added.
Bilateral trade was worth an estimated $734 million last year, with Myanmar exports worth $656.5 million -- down 23.5 percent from a year earlier, according to the Office of the US Trade Representative.
The earthquake has compounded the economic woes of the country gripped by a civil war since the military seized power in a 2021 coup.
With the junta at the helm, Myanmar has become internationally isolated and sanctioned while its territory has split into areas controlled by the military, anti-coup guerillas and ethnic armed factions.
Half the population of 51 million live in poverty while more than 3.5 million people are displaced.
The MGMA asked the United States to consider "a more lenient rate in light of the country's multiple crises".
Myanmar has already been hit hard by Trump's overhaul of Washington's foreign policy.
In one of his first acts back in office, he paused a refugee scheme through which Myanmar citizens fleeing the war-torn country ranked among the largest number of beneficiaries in recent years.
Trump's decision to eviscerate Washington's humanitarian budget -- spearheaded by his top donor and the world's richest man Elon Musk -- has also battered the nation.
The World Food Programme said it was forced to slash vital aid to one million people in Myanmar starting this month after the cuts contributed to "critical funding shortfalls".
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