Locked in their homes as neighbours celebrate freedom, hundreds of thousands of Shanghai residents are finding the path out of lockdown more complicated than the victory trumpeted by Chinese state media.

The metropolis of 25 million people was closed in sections from late March after becoming the epicentre of China's worst Covid outbreak in two years.

After gradually relaxing some rules over the past few weeks, authorities on Wednesday began allowing residents in areas deemed low-risk to move around freely again.

But while many celebrated with boozy street parties and shopping sprees, swathes of the city remained dormant with multiple neighbourhoods returning to lockdown on Thursday over new infections.

Liu, a 29-year-old woman in Shanghai's Minhang district, told AFP her apartment compound had been hastily resealed on Thursday morning after a man in one of the buildings returned an "abnormal" Covid test result.

She said shocked neighbours bombarded the compound's group chats with complaints that the lockdown was "never-ending", while many waited at the gate for couriers to deliver laptops they had left at offices on Wednesday -- the first day back at their desks.

"I had just one happy day yesterday," Liu said.

Another compound in the central Jing'an district had its gates chained shut on Wednesday night, after a confrontation between residents and officials that was seen by an AFP reporter.

Authorities said more than half a million people were still under movement restrictions, which are swiftly reinstated whenever suspected or confirmed infections appear.

Under China's stringent zero-Covid approach, all positive cases are isolated and close contacts -- often including the entire building or community where they live -- are made to quarantine.

One Shanghai manager tried to skirt the rules after an employee produced an abnormal test result. He drove the worker to a hideout under a suburban overpass before being caught by police, authorities said in a statement Thursday.

The manager was "worried the company's operations would be affected", according to the statement.

The events contrast with the triumphant reopening portrayed by Chinese state-run media, which ran celebratory videos on Wednesday showing brightly lit skyscrapers and traffic returning to the city's streets.

The official Xinhua news agency has begun memorialising the lockdown, announcing that it would soon release a documentary on the city's travails, "The Great Battle to Defend Shanghai".

But Eva, a 26-year-old Shanghai resident whose compound in Jing'an also re-entered lockdown on Thursday, found little consolation in optimistic official statements.

She said she was told on Thursday morning that her compound would be sealed off again for two days after suspected cases were found inside.

"I didn't feel this reopening was real in the first place. I had suspicions after all that we've been through in the past two months," she told AFP.

"What if we have more cases? Is it possible we'd be thrown back to March?"

Shanghai eases Covid curbs in step towards ending lockdown
Shanghai (AFP) June 1, 2022 - Shanghai whirred back to life Wednesday as a range of Covid-19 restrictions were eased and thousands took to the streets after a two-month lockdown that confined residents to their homes and battered the Chinese economy.

The commercial hub of 25 million people was closed in sections from late March, when the Omicron virus variant fuelled China's worst outbreak in two years.

After gradually relaxing some rules over the past few weeks, authorities on Wednesday began allowing residents in areas deemed low-risk to move around the city freely.

"It feels like we've all been through a lot of trauma, a collective trauma," Grace Guan told AFP.

The 35-year-old Shanghai resident said she went out at midnight when the restrictions eased and saw groups gathered in the street drinking beer, some sitting together on blankets laid out on the pavements.

"Now it feels like the Berlin Wall coming down."

On Wednesday morning, commuters trickled into subway stations and office buildings, scanning QR codes that certify they are virus-free.

Residents gathered to chat in parks, queue outside banks and walk by the riverside, with masked customers thronging one of the main shopping streets.

"Everything is getting better, bit by bit. Things are moving forward," said one relieved office worker, surnamed Li.

The famous Bund waterfront was ticking back to life, with visitors snapping pictures of the famous skyline on their phones.

A day earlier, many of the bright yellow barriers that had hemmed in buildings and city blocks for weeks were taken down.

"It should have been like this to begin with," one woman out for a riverside walk told AFP, in echoes of the frustration and anger that has simmered in the city over the strict controls.

Deputy Mayor Zong Ming told reporters Tuesday that the easing would impact about 22 million people in the city.

Malls, convenience stores, pharmacies and beauty salons would be allowed to operate at 75 percent capacity, while parks and other scenic spots would gradually reopen, she added.

But cinemas and gyms remain closed, and schools -- shut since mid-March -- will slowly reopen on a voluntary basis.

Buses, the subway and ferry services would also resume, transport officials said.

Taxi services and private cars will be allowed in low-risk areas, permitting people to visit friends and family outside their district.

"This is a moment that we have been looking forward to for a long time," the Shanghai municipal government said in a statement on social media.

More than half a million still remained under restrictions as of Wednesday, according to the authorities.

- 'New normal' -

The stringent curbs in Shanghai -- home to the busiest container port in the world -- had hammered the economy, starving businesses and snarling supply chains in China and abroad.

Signs of resentment and anger among residents emerged throughout the lockdown.

The city government has warned that the situation is still not normal, and businesses said there were many uncertainties.

"It remains to (be seen) how this new normal will look," said Bettina Schoen-Behanzin, chair of the Shanghai chapter at the European Union Chamber of Commerce in China.

"If there is a positive case in your office or site, in your compound, what happens?"

China has persisted with a zero-Covid strategy, which involves rapid lockdowns, mass testing and long quarantines to try and eliminate infections.

But the economic costs have mounted, and the Shanghai government said "the task of accelerating economic and social recovery is becoming increasingly urgent".

While the easing will allow many factories and businesses to resume operations, there are concerns that the recovery will not be immediate.

"I definitely have some worries, things are beyond your control... You can't tell with a pandemic," said cafe owner Chen Ribin.

In Beijing, which has also been subject to strict controls to stamp out a cluster of cases, there were protests Wednesday on the outskirts of the capital as commuters demanded to be let in.

Beijing has restricted people entering and leaving the capital over Covid fears.

In videos shared on social media and verified by AFP Factcheck, crowds in the town of Yanjiao chanted and shouted claims that the police had beaten people.

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Shanghai eases Covid curbs in step towards ending lockdown
Shanghai (AFP) June 1, 2022
Shanghai slowly whirred back to life Wednesday as a range of Covid-19 restrictions were eased after a two-month lockdown that confined residents to their homes and battered the Chinese economy. The commercial hub of 25 million people was closed down in sections from late March, when the Omicron virus variant fuelled China's worst outbreak in two years. After some rules were gradually relaxed over the past few weeks, authorities on Wednesday began allowing residents in areas deemed low-risk to m ... read more