Typhoon Hagupit tore apart homes and sent waves crashing through coastal communities across the eastern Philippines on Sunday, creating more misery for millions following a barrage of deadly disasters.

The typhoon roared in from the Pacific Ocean and into remote fishing communities of Samar island on Saturday night with wind gusts of 210 kilometres (130 miles) an hour, local weather agency Pagasa said.

The wind strength at landfall made Hagupit the most powerful storm to hit the Philippines this year, exceeding a typhoon in July that killed more than 100 people.

"Many houses, especially in the coastal areas, were blown away by strong winds," Stephanie Uy-Tan, the mayor of Catbalogan, a city on Samar, told AFP by phone on Sunday morning.

"Trees and power lines were toppled, tin roofs were blown off and there is flooding."

Fearful of a repeat of last year when Super Typhoon Haiyan claimed more than 7,350 lives, the government undertook a massive evacuation effort ahead of Hagupit that saw millions of people seek shelter.

Hopes of avoiding a mass disaster were boosted by Hagupit's maximum wind gusts dropping to 170 kilometres an hour, with sustained winds of 140 kilometres an hour, on Sunday morning.

There were no reported casualties as of 11:30 am (0330 GMT), the head of the government's disaster management agency, Alexander Pama, told reporters in Manila.

However Hagupit was forecast to take three days to cut across the Philippines, passing over mostly poor central regions, and authorities were still bracing for worst-case scenarios.

The government warned of storm surges up to five metres (16 feet) high in some areas, flash flooding, landslides and winds strong enough to tear apart even sturdy homes.

Tens of millions of people live in the typhoon's path, including those in the central Philippines who are still struggling to recover from the devastation of Haiyan, which hit 13 months ago.

Haiyan was the strongest storm ever recorded on land, with winds of 315 kilometres an hour, and generated tsunami-like storm surges that ravaged entire towns.

In Tacloban, one of the cities worst-hit by Haiyan, palm-thatch temporary houses built by aid agencies for survivors of last year's typhoon had been torn apart, vice mayor Jerry Yaokasin told AFP.

- 'Better prepared' -

However there was no repeat of the storm surges that did the most damage during Haiyan, known locally as Yolanda.

"There is a collective sigh of relief. The initial assessment is that there are no casualties. We were better prepared after Yolanda, up to 50,000 people were packed in evacuation centres," Yaokasin said.

"But the transitional shelters made of nipa (palm thatch) were blown away. Our biggest challenge is how to provide for those who were displaced because of that," he said.

In the eastern region of Bicol that was due to be hit throughout Sunday and Monday, hundreds of thousands of people were huddling in schools, churches and other official evacuation centres.

In Legaspi, a major city in Bicol, ocean sprays more than one-metre high crashed above the city's seawall and fierce winds roared on Sunday morning, ahead of the main typhoon front.

The Philippines endures about 20 major storms a year which, along with regular earthquakes and volcano eruptions, make it one of the world's most disaster-plagued countries.

The storms regularly claim many lives but they are becoming more violent and unpredictable because of climate change, according to the United Nations and many scientists.

At global climate talks in Peru, Filipino activists said the frequency of typhoons had settled any debate in the Philippines about whether man-made global warming exists.

"In the hour of our peril, now is the time for politicians to back up their expressions of solidarity with real action at the UN climate talks," said Jasper Inventor of Greenpeace. "It has become an issue of our survival."

Haiyan was the world's deadliest natural disaster last year.

In 2011 and 2012, there were consecutive December storms that together claimed more than 3,000 lives and were the world's deadliest disasters of those years.

And in July this year, Typhoon Rammasun killed 111 people when it cut across Manila, paralysing the capital for days, and other parts of the main island of Luzon.

Cyclone, hurricane, typhoon: different names, same phenomenon
Paris (AFP) Dec 06, 2014 - They may have different names according to the region they hit, but typhoons, hurricanes and cyclones are all violent tropical storms that can generate 10 times as much energy as the Hiroshima atomic bomb.

Typhoon is the Asian term for a low-pressure system that is called a hurricane in the Atlantic and northeast Pacific and a cyclone in the South Pacific and Indian Ocean.

But meteorologists use the term "tropical cyclone" when talking generally about these immensely powerful natural phenomena, which are divided into five categories according to the maximum sustained wind force and the scale of the potential damage they can inflict.

Typhoon Hagupit, which roared in from the Pacific Ocean and lashed eastern Philippines on Saturday with windgusts of 210 kilometres (130 miles) an hour, is the most powerful storm to hit the Southeast Asian country this year.

Hagupit comes a year after Super Typhoon Haiyan devastated large swathes of the archipelago, claiming more than 7,350 lives.

Every year, some 20 super storms or typhoons hit the Philippines, of the 80 or so that develop above tropical waters annually.

Cyclones are formed from simple thunderstorms at certain times of the year when the sea temperature is more than 26 degrees Celsius (79 Fahrenheit) down to a depth of 60 metres (200 feet).

Sucking up vast quantities of water, they often produce torrential rains and flooding resulting in major loss of life and property damage.

They also trigger large swells that move faster than the cyclone and are sometimes spotted up to 1,000 kilometres ahead of the powerful storm. The sea level can rise several metres.

These powerful weather formations can measure between 500 and 1,000 kilometres in diameter and have a relatively calm "eye" at the centre.

They weaken rapidly when they travel over land or colder ocean waters.

Cyclones are closely monitored by satellites, and specialised centres around the world -- in Miami, Tokyo, Honolulu and New Delhi -- track the super storms' trajectories under the coordination of the World Meteorological Organisation.