
The 2011 Nature paper ‘Solutions for a Cultivated Planet’ argued that halting agricultural expansion, closing yield gaps, using inputs more efficiently, shifting diets and cutting food waste could together roughly double global food production while shrinking farming’s environmental footprint.
In 2011, Jonathan Foley's team at the University of Minnesota laid out five levers — halt farmland expansion, close yield gaps, use inputs efficiently, shift diets, cut waste — that together could roughly double food production while shrinking farming's environmental damage. Fifteen years on, the framework still defines the debate.
Sep 14, 2026














