Margaret Hamilton wrote the Apollo 11 guidance software so defensively that when the lunar module's computer flashed 1202 and 1201 alarms during Armstrong's descent, the system automatically shed low-priority tasks and kept the landing radar running, buying the crew the seconds they needed to touch down with 25 seconds of fuel left.

During Apollo 11's final descent, five 1201 and 1202 alarms warned the lunar module's computer was overloaded. Margaret Hamilton's priority scheduler shed the low-priority work, kept the landing radar running, and gave Armstrong the seconds he needed to touch down with roughly 25 seconds of fuel left.

By Terra Daily Editorial Team · Aug 9, 2026

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Marsdaily

At the equator on a Martian summer afternoon, temperatures can reach a tolerable 20°C — but the moment the sun sets, the near-absent atmosphere bleeds the heat away and the surface drops to −84°C by morning, a daily swing no unprotected human body could survive.

Mars can briefly produce Earthlike ground temperatures in equatorial sunlight, then plunge toward −84°C before dawn. The physics behind that swing exposes just how alien the planet remains.

By Terra Daily Editorial Team · Aug 7, 2026

Uncategorized

Between five and six million years ago, the Mediterranean Sea nearly dried out — and when Atlantic water finally broke back in near Gibraltar, one model suggests the basin may have refilled so violently that sea level rose by metres a day

A catastrophic deluge five million years ago may have refilled an entire sea in mere weeks, reshaping the Mediterranean's geology in the process.

By Brendan Brown · Aug 6, 2026

Climate Science

How does a city-state of six million people meet roughly 40 percent of its water demand by putting treated sewage back through the tap, and why did it start doing this in 2003 rather than desalinate more seawater?

Singapore meets roughly 40 percent of its water demand by pushing treated sewage through microfiltration, reverse osmosis, and ultraviolet light — a system called NEWater that came online in 2003 under the pressure of an expiring water treaty with Malaysia and the falling cost of membranes.

By Terra Daily Editorial Team · Aug 3, 2026

Climate Science

Honey sealed inside Egyptian tombs more than 3,000 years ago can survive intact, dark and crystallised rather than rotten, because honey's low water content, acidic pH around 3.9, and the trickle of hydrogen peroxide produced by bee enzymes create an environment where almost no microbe can grow

Sealed honey recovered from Egyptian tombs more than 3,000 years old survives because bees build a three-part defence — low water, pH around 3.9, and hydrogen peroxide from glucose oxidase — that leaves almost no microbe able to grow.

By Terra Daily Editorial Team · Aug 3, 2026

Climate Science

How did a dust-built plateau larger than France cut the sediment pouring into a river from 1.6 billion tonnes a year by more than 80 percent over four decades?

{"content":"The Loess Plateau covers roughly 640,000 square kilometres of north-central China, an area about the size of France, blanketed in wind-blown silt up to 300 metres deep. For most of the

By Terra Daily Editorial Team · Jul 31, 2026

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Earth science, climate impacts, ecosystems, agriculture, forests, and the broad environmental changes shaping life on a changing planet.

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How does a chemosynthetic food web survive inside a limestone cave sealed from the surface for roughly 2.5 million years, sustaining 37 species found nowhere else on Earth?

By Terra Daily Editorial Team

Climate Science

In 1962, a single missing hyphen in the guidance code of Mariner 1 sent the Venus-bound probe veering off course 293 seconds after launch, forcing range safety to destroy a $18.5 million spacecraft over a punctuation mark.

By Terra Daily Editorial Team

Climate Science

What happened when a New England river had a 162-year-old dam removed in 1999 and alewives, shad, and sturgeon returned to spawning grounds their ancestors had not reached since before the Civil War?

By Terra Daily Editorial Team

Climate Science

In 2025, taxonomists examining 32 tongue-dwelling isopods from Mexican fish markets discovered that Cymothoa exigua was not the eastern Pacific’s only “tongue-eater”: a second species hiding inside the mouths of two snapper species in a region long thought to have just one

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Shake and Blow

Earthquakes, volcanoes, severe weather, fire, tectonics, disaster response, and the natural hazards reshaping communities and landscapes.

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Zaporizhzhia accident would impact neighbouring countries: Ukraine

By Terra Daily Editorial Team

Weather Report

Year so far the hottest in US history

By Terra Daily Editorial Team

Disaster Management

'Worse than war': trauma of Libya flood haunts survivors

By Terra Daily Editorial Team

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World sees record August heat for second year running

By Terra Daily Editorial Team

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Water World

Oceans, rivers, polar ice, water systems, marine life, and the environmental changes affecting the planet's blue and frozen regions.

Water World

We tend to think of AI as a software problem, weightless and waterless, but even a 100-word email written with ChatGPT has been estimated to require roughly a bottle’s worth of water once data-centre cooling and electricity generation are counted — and scaled to global demand, researchers project AI could withdraw 4.2 to 6.6 billion cubic metres of water a year by 2027, roughly half the United Kingdom’s annual freshwater withdrawals.

By Lachlan Brown

Iron and Ice

Titan is the only moon among the 150-plus in the solar system with a thick atmosphere — its air presses on the surface about 1.5 times harder than Earth's at sea level, roughly what you'd feel at the bottom of a swimming pool

By Terra Daily Editorial Team

Water World

Zimbabwean capital grapples with water shortage

By Terra Daily Editorial Team

Water World

Zimbabwe city orders 'big flush' amid water rationing

By Terra Daily Editorial Team

About Terra Daily

News about planet Earth.

Terra Daily is an independent publication covering planet Earth, natural hazards, water systems, ecosystems, climate impacts, and the science behind life on a changing planet. The site pairs a deep archive with current reporting on the research, communities, policy shifts, and environmental events shaping Earth's living and physical systems. We employ modern AI technologies to support our editorial workflows; every published piece is editorially directed and reviewed.

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